Mammograms are performed at a clinic or screening center. They capture detailed x-ray images of the breast from multiple angles. The breast is compressed between two plastic plates to flatten it for clearer pictures using minimal radiation. Though temporarily uncomfortable, compression optimizes imaging.

Screening mammograms check for breast cancer in women without symptoms. Diagnostic mammograms further evaluate suspicious signs. Ask your doctor to explain what type you are having and why.

Like any test, mammograms have both advantages and disadvantages to consider:

Benefits:

• Improved survival rates – Early detection often increases treatment success. Studies confirm regular mammograms help more women survive breast cancer.

• Better quality of life – Smaller, early-stage tumors mean less invasive treatment and faster recovery. Mammograms tend to find smaller, more treatable cancers.

Risks:

• False positives – Tests incorrectly suggest cancer is present, causing stress and unnecessary follow-up procedures. Young women are at higher risk of false positives.

• False negatives – Cancer goes undetected, delaying diagnosis and treatment if symptoms are overlooked.

• Over-diagnosis – Some cancers may never impact health. But research shows most breast cancers are harmful, so early detection is key.

• Radiation exposure – Mammograms involve very low x-ray doses.

Discuss the pros and cons with your doctor to make an informed decision. Though imperfect, mammograms remain the best breast cancer screening tool available.